Udaka olubi lungenye yemithombo eyinhloko yokungcola embonini kawoyela negesi.Ukuze ugweme ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okubangelwa udaka lokumba imfucuza, kufanele ilashwe.Ngokwemibandela ehlukene yokwelashwa nokukhipha, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha udaka oludoti ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.Ukwelashwa kokuqiniswa kungenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezilungele udaka olungafanele ukulinywa.
1. Ukuqiniswa kodaka lokumba imfucuza
Ukwelashwa kokuqiniswa wukufaka ingxenye efanele ye-ejenti elaphayo emgodini wodaka ovimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuwuxuba ngokulinganayo ngokwezidingo ezithile zobuchwepheshe, futhi uguqule izingxenye eziyingozi zibe ukuqina okungangcolisi ngoshintsho olubonakalayo namakhemikhali isikhathi esithile.
Indlela yokubala yokuqiniswa kodaka: isamba sezigaba eziqinile ngemva kokuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile lukasimende ne-desander, i-desilter, udaka olulahliwe olulahlwa ku-centrifuge, nenhlabathi ekhishwe ku-grit tank.
2. Ubuchwepheshe be-MTC
Ukuguqulwa kodaka lube udaka lukasimende, olufushanisiwe ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe be-MTC (Mud To Cement), buhamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele ngokufaka usimende.I-Slag MTC ibhekisela ekungezeni i-slurry yesithando somlilo esicinywe ngamanzi, isiqalisi, i-disperant namanye ama-ejenti okwelapha odaka ukuze kuguqule udaka lube ludaka lukasimende.Lobu buchwepheshe bunciphisa izindleko zokwelashwa kwemfucumfucu futhi kunciphisa izindleko zikasimende.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile okuqiniswe ngamakhemikhali
Inqubo yokuhlukanisa uketshezi oluqinile oluqiniswe ngamakhemikhali kuqala yenza ukuwohloka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa kokugeleza odakeni lwemfucuza yokumba, iqinise ikhono lomshini lokuhlukanisa uketshezi oluqinile, futhi iguqule izingxenye eziyingozi odakeni lwemfucuza zibe izinto ezingenabungozi noma ezingenabungozi noma yehlise izinga lokuvuza. ngesikhathi sokumiswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa kwe-flocculation.Khona-ke, udaka lwemfucuza olungaqinile nolunyakazayo luphonswa ku-centrifuge yohlobo lwe-turbo drilling fluid.I-swirl ezungezayo ku-centrifuge yoketshezi lokumba kanye nokuyaluza okukhiqizwa isigubhu esizungezayo ngokuhlanganyela kukhiqiza umphumela oguquguqukayo obanzi, onomthelela onamandla ku-semi-static sedimentation ku-centrifuge, futhi ibona ukuhlukana koketshezi oluqinile, ukuze amanzi amahhala. phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-floc kanye nengxenye yamanzi e-intermolecular ahlukaniswe yi-centrifugation.Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa okuqinile-oketshezi, inani lokungcola (i-sludge) liyancipha, umthamo uyancipha kakhulu, futhi izindleko zokwelashwa okungenangozi ziphindwe kabili.
4. Ukulahlwa kwemfucuza yodaka ekumbiweni ogwini
(1) Ukwelashwa kodaka olunamanzi
(2) Ukwelashwa kodaka olusekelwe emafutheni
Inqubo yokugeleza kodaka lokwelashwa okungahlali phansi
(1) Iyunithi yokuqoqa.Udaka lokumba imfucuza lungena ku-screw conveyor ngemishini yokulawula eqinile, futhi amanzi ayengezwa ukuze ahlanjululwe futhi axutshwe.
(2) Iyunithi yokuhlukanisa uketshezi oluqinile.Ukuze kuncishiswe okuqukethwe kwamanzi kanye nokungcola kwekhekhe lodaka, kuyadingeka ukwengeza ama-agent okwelapha futhi uvuselele ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi ugeze.
(3) Iyunithi yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.Okuqukethwe okuqinile okumisiwe emanzini ahlukaniswe i-centrifugation kuphezulu.Izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe emanzini zikhishwa nge-air flotation sedimentation kanye nesistimu yokuhlunga ukuze kuncishiswe okuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini angcolile, bese ingena ohlelweni lwe-osmosis oluphambene ukuze lwelashwe.